Spades is a modern and updated free version of the famous trick-taking card game. Play in couples and use your best strategy to win at least the number of tricks bid in each hand! The player who wins the trick leads next. Play continues until none of the players have any cards left. Each hand is worth 13 tricks. Spades cannot be led unless played previously or player to lead has nothing but Spades in his hand. How to Keep Score. Total Force sells regulation guidons and custom military guidons. Our regulation guidons are made to IAW AR 840-10 and other applicable (navy, marine corps, air force, and coast guard) service regulations. They are constructed of heavy duty American-made 200 denier nylon fabric, triple-stitched at all stress points, reinforced with additional.

The Ace of Spades (also known as the Spadille and Death Card^[1]) is traditionally the highest and most valued card in the deck of playing cards in English-speaking countries. The actual value of the card varies from game to game.^[2][3]

Design[edit]

The ornate design of the ace of spades, common in packs today, stems from the 17th century, when James I and later Queen Anne imposed laws requiring the ace of spades to bear an insignia of the printing house. Stamp duty, an idea imported to England by Charles I, was extended to playing cards in 1711 by Queen Anne and lasted until 1960.^[4][5]

Over the years, a number of methods were used to show that duty had been paid. From 1712 onwards, one of the cards in the pack, usually the ace of spades, was marked with a hand stamp. In 1765 hand stamping was replaced by the printing of official ace of spades by the Stamp Office, incorporating the royal coat of arms. In 1828 the Duty Ace of Spades (known as 'Old Frizzle') was printed to indicate a reduced duty of a shilling had been paid.^[6]

One maker of cards was caught in possession of forged aces and the equipment to produce them. This was a capital offence, the prosecutor the Attorney GeneralSpencer Perceval (later to become the Prime Minister assassinated in 1812) obtained the conviction of Richard Harding (forger) and he was hanged in 1805. The association of the ace of spades with death may spring from such events.^[7]

The system was changed again in 1862 when official threepenny duty wrappers were introduced and although the makers were free to use whatever design they wanted, most chose to keep the ornate ace of spades that is popular today.^[6] The ace of spades is thus used to show the card manufacturer's information.

Rules Spades 4 People

Since 1882, an annual pack of cards has been produced by the Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards at the installation of each master and since 1888, a portrait of the Master has appeared at the centre of the ace of spades.^[8]

The exact design of the ace card was so important, it eventually became the subject of design patents and trademarking. For example, on December 5, 1882, George G. White was granted U.S. design patent US0D0013473^[9] for his design. His ace design was adorned with male and female figures leaning onto the spade from either side.

3 Player Spades Rules

War[edit]

The ace of spades has been employed, on numerous occasions, in the theater of war.In the First World War the 12th (Eastern) Division of the British Army used the Ace of spades symbol as their insignia. ^[10]In the Second World War, the 25th Infantry Division (India) of the Indian Army used an Ace of Spades on a green background as their insignia. ^[11]

In World War II the soldiers of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the American101st Airborne Division were marked with the spades symbol painted on the sides of their helmet. In this capacity, it was used to represent good luck, due to its fortunate connotations in card playing. All four card suits were used for ease of identification of regiments within the airborne division following the confusion of a large scale combat airborne operation. Battalions within the regiments were denoted with tic marks or dots, marked from top clockwise: headquarters at the twelve o'clock position, 1st Battalion at the three o'clock, etc.

Some 20 years later, a folk legend about the ace of spades being used by American Soldiers during the Vietnam War was popularized. Supposedly, U.S. troops believed that Vietnamese traditions held the symbolism of the spade to mean death and ill-fortune and in a bid to frighten and demoralize Viet Cong soldiers, it was common practice to mockingly leave an ace of spades on the bodies of killed Vietnamese and even to litter the forested grounds and fields with the card.^{[citation needed]} This custom was said to be so effective that the United States Playing Card Company was asked by Charlie Company, 2nd Battalion, 35th Infantry Regiment to supply crates of that single card in bulk. The plain white tuck cases were marked 'Bicycle Secret Weapon', and the cards were deliberately scattered in villages and in the jungle during raids.^[12][13] The ace of spades, while not a symbol of superstitious fear to the Viet Cong forces, did help the morale of American soldiers. It was not unheard of for U.S. soldiers and Marines to stick this card in their helmet band as a sort of anti-peace sign.^{[citation needed]}

More recently, in 2003 a deck of most-wanted Iraqi playing cards was issued to U.S. soldiers during Operation Iraqi Freedom, each card had the picture of a wanted Iraqi official on it. Saddam Hussein got the nickname 'Ace of Spades', as that card bore his image.

Idioms[edit]

Various idioms involving the ace of spades include, 'black as the ace of spades,' which may refer either to completely black;totally without light or colour, color, race, (lack of) morality, or (lack of) cleanliness in a person.^[14][a][15]There is the French expression fagoté comme l'as de pique—that is, '(badly) dressed like the ace of spades.'^[16]

In Unicode[edit]

• U+1F0A1🂡PLAYING CARD ACE OF SPADES is part of the playing cards in Unicode

See[edit]

• Richard Harding, hanged in London for forgery of the duty stamp on the ace of spades and knowingly selling playing cards with the same in 1805.

Notes[edit]

1. ^For an example of the card referring to race, see Aaron McGruder, Public Enemy #2: An All-New Boondocks Collection (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2005), front cover.

References[edit]

1. ^'Spadille' in Merriam-WebsterArchived 2015-10-19 at the Wayback Machine
2. ^Death Cards - Psychological OperationsArchived 2014-07-15 at the Wayback Machine
3. ^'The Tarot Death Card'. Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2009-02-11.
4. ^Knuckle, White, A Brief History of Playing Cards, retrieved November 22, 2013
5. ^Hughes, E (2004). The English Stamp Duties, 1664-1764. 56, no.222 (April 1941). English Historical Review. p. 245.
6. ^ ^abSchott, Ben (2004). 'Card Tax & The Ace of Spades'. Schott's Sporting, Gaming & Idling Miscellany. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 62. ISBN0-7475-6924-X.
7. ^Monger, Garry (2012). 'The Ace of Spades'. The Fens. 30: 20-21.
8. ^'Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards'. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
9. ^'Patent Images'. patimg2.uspto.gov.
10. ^'12th (Eastern) Division'. The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
11. ^'25th Infantry Division (India)'. www.longlongtrail.co.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
12. ^Ace of Spades or Secret Weapon Death Playing Cards at Newt's Playing CardsArchived December 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
13. ^'Our History'. Bicycle Playing Cards. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
14. ^Gandhi, Lakshmi, 'Is It Racist To 'Call a Spade a Spade'?', Codeswitch, National Public Radio, September 23, 2013 (retrieved June 14, 2014).
15. ^'Black as the Ace of spades'. www.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
16. ^'As', Cassell's New French Dictionary (5th ed., 1951).

External links[edit]

Whilst military doctors are members of the military profession, they are also members of the medical profession, and therefore have additional rights and responsibilities to other members of the armed forces. Doctors must treat patients according to medical need, rather than any other reasons. They must resist pressure from others to treat patients according to tactical or strategic needs.

While it may be difficult to accept, it is also irrelevant if the other side is respecting the rules or not – it is precisely those rules that we are fighting to uphold and it is therefore essential to avoid descending to the same moral level as those who break them.

‘The essential, and primary, moral duty is to the patient; no matter to which ethnic, religious or combat grouping they may belong. The patient’s autonomy may be compromised by the authoritarian constraints of the military but it is still beholden upon the physician to apply a firm moral code to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.’ (Blair, 2011).

Duncan Blair, ‘To Whom Does a Military Commander Owe a Moral Duty?’, in David Whetham (ed.), Ethics, Law and Military Operations, (Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2011), p202

David Whetham, ‘Killing Within the Rules’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, issue 18/4 December 2007, pp.721-733.